Heat pumps are constantly gaining popularity among people looking for ecological and economical solutions home heating. How does this device work? How much electricity does a heat pump consume?? What to pay attention to when buying heat pump to home? And when is it profitable to install such a device?
What is this heat pump?
Heat pump is a device that can transform the energy they have using electricity renewable energy sources, into thermal energy intended for home heating or cooling the property and preparation domestic hot water. Heat pumps are systems consisting of 3 basic parts. They include a lower source, heat pump and upper source. As part of the operation of the ground source heat pump draws stored energy from renewable energy sources — e.g. from air, ground or water. In the next step heat pump, using electric energy, transforms energy from renewable energy sources into heat, which is then transported to the upper source, i.e heating installation in a building or tank domestic hot water.
In the case of heat pumps, the most popular and most efficient receiver is surface heating, incl floor heating. Heat pumps they work perfectly with low-temperature underfloor heating. It allows you to effectively heat your house using low water temperatures heating installation. This is how it is obtained lower electricity consumption by the heat pump. Energy-saving construction often uses this solution.
Traditional radiators are much less frequently used, as they require a higher carrier temperature to ensure the expected temperature in the rooms, and are therefore less energy efficient. If an upper source in the form of radiators is used, it is necessary to use a high-temperature source heat pumps.
What is important, heat pumps are intended for new and used objects. Heat pump can be installed in single-family houses as well as municipal facilities, multi-family houses and workplaces. A condition for their proper operation leading to optimized operation power consumption by the heat pump However, it is necessary to adjust the pump power to the size of the heated rooms.
How much electricity will it consume heat pump?
As we have already pointed out, heat pump to convert the energy accumulated in the ground source into thermal energy requires connection to electric energy. How much electricity does a heat pump consume per year? It is estimated that annual electricity consumption by a device for heating an energy-efficient house with an area of approximately 100 m2 will amount from 2000 to 3000 kWh. Air source heat pump used for processes related to preparation of domestic hot water will generate power consumption in the amount of another 1000 kWh.
Real power consumption by the heat pump depends on several variables. From what does energy consumption depend on? by heat pump? Factors affecting the energy efficiency of the device include the seasonal efficiency index heat pumps SCOP, the degree of building insulation, as well as individual user preferences in terms of temperature and external weather conditions.
What it shows SCOP factor? This is the seasonal performance factor that determines high energy efficiency. It shows what it is like power consumption by the heat pump throughout the season to obtain the expected thermal conditions in the room. SCOP shows the ratio produced by thermal energy heat pump to downloaded electric energy. What does it mean? If SCOP heat pumps is 4,51, which means that the device allows the production of 1 units of current when consuming 4,51 unit of electricity. thermal energy.
Monthly electricity consumption of the heat pump may change depending on the conditions outside. The colder it is electric energy usage will be higher. This is due to the fact that efficiency heat pumps decreases as the outside temperature decreases.
How much electricity does a heat pump use per day? So how much the heat pump consumes electricity per day, you can check by checking COP factor specific to a given device. His job is to point out how much electricity it consumes heat pump under given conditions. It is worth emphasizing that the COP heat pumps is characteristic of the summer and winter periods.
How to reduce heating expenses with a heat pump-based system?
A perfect solution that allows you to use it heat pumps in an almost cost-free way, is to use it in objects connected to photovoltaic installation. In this way monthly power consumption by the heat pump will be much lower than in the case of its operation in a facility not connected to a PV installation.
How much the air heat pump consumes electricity, also has an impact standard of building construction. High-quality construction materials for thermal insulation of the building cause lower power consumption.
It is also worth considering using the appropriate one thermal insulation object. Energy-efficient houses are the cheapest to heat, also with air heat pumps. You have to pay the most for buildings without insulation. Heat pump demand na thermal energy varies greatly depending on building energy standard. Energy-saving construction requires from 50 to 70 W/m2. Insulated single-family buildings have a demand of 80-120 W/m2. Single-family buildings in which only the windows have been replaced with new ones without insulation require delivery thermal energy at the level of 120-150 W/m2. Most thermal energy single-family buildings that have not been insulated need - covering the demand for heat is 150-170 W/m2. What does it mean? The calculation is simple - old, uninsulated houses are three times more expensive to heat than energy-efficient buildings. energy-saving house with an area of 100 m2 per year will require from 5 to 7 thousand W thermal energy, while an uninsulated building with the same area will require from 15 to 17 thousand W thermal energy.
SCOP factor also has significance in air heat pumps associated with preparing domestic hot water. It is worth emphasizing that these devices are used all year round, also in summer. Moreover, many people use them, especially outside the heating season, when the systems home heating are disabled.
Based on the above information, it can be calculated how much electricity does the heat pump consume?. Average COP for air heat pumps is 3, which means the device is 300% efficient. Based on this assumption, it can be assumed that in a hundred-meter energy-efficient house you will have to pay for annual electricity consumption in the amount of approx. 1700 – 2300 kWh. In the case of old buildings without air insulation heat pump will generate annual electricity consumption up to 5500 kWh.
Lower cost of heating the house i electricity consumption downloaded by heat pump can also be obtained by lowering the set temperature. Reducing the indoor temperature by 1 degree Celsius can bring savings of 2-5%, depending on the outdoor temperature. This also applies to heat pumps for domestic hot water, in which it is enough to lower the temperature temperature of hot water, to achieve lower costs related to electricity consumption.
Why does a heat pump use a lot of electricity? This is a question that people who use it ask heat pump in buildings that are improperly insulated or have no insulation at all. It's worth remembering that heat pumps They work well in facilities that have appropriate facilities building energy standard ensuring less heat loss. Reduce the costs electric energy, which heat pump consumes, can also be done by connecting to a photovoltaic installation.
Too high electric energy usage it may also be related to the inappropriate selection of the device for the surface of the property. Also decide on heat pumps with high energy efficiency. Selected power heat pumps it is worth consulting a specialist. This will lower it heating cost heat pump to a minimum.
