Central heating - building a system in the house

Heating installation is one of the basic systems that constitute every apartment, house, commercial or public facility. It ensures thermal comfort during the colder periods of the year. What is this central heating? What is the division central heating installation? Check what kind heating installation will work best in your apartment, house and other buildings where people stay and work. 

What is included central heating installation?

Central heating is responsible for generating and distributing heat to rooms located in the building. Composed of: central heating installation includes a heat source, distribution system and heat receivers. Water is most often used as a temperature carrier in systems. To heat it, all types of boilers and fireplaces are used as a heat source water jacket i heat pumps.Heated water to heat receivers (radiators or surface installations such as floor heating or fan coils) are transmitted via piping.

What is the division central heating installation? 

Central heating installations can be divided into 2 types of systems. The most popular one is currently pump heating, which direction water flow forces circulation pump (these are installations o closed system). Such simple central heating diagram allows water to be distributed in systems with higher hydraulic resistance, and therefore requires the use of pipes smaller diameters i construction of a heating system with a more advanced structure in terms of size. The undoubted advantage of such installations is a shorter heat distribution time and lower installation inertia. As a result, rooms heat up faster and at the same time regulate the temperature more precisely. It's worth mentioning that central heating installation, using a heat pump as a heat source, requires the use of circulation pumps.

The second central heating diagram jest gravity heatingalso called central heating installation o open system. In this case, features are used in the installation phenomena of water density change, which loses density as the temperature changes. This phenomenon causes hot water to flow upwards, while cold water falls down the installation. This kind of arrangement central heating does not require the use of circulation pumps, but requires the creation of central heating installation, which will ensure sufficiently low resistance in the installation. Therefore, it uses transmission pipes with an appropriately large diameter, large radiators and appropriate slopes that will support the exchange of cold water with hot water. Such installation scheme central heating is most often used in central heating installations using existing boilers powered by solid fuel (such as coal, coke or wood). 

What kinds heat receivers can be used in central heating installation? 

There are several popular heating solutions on the market individual rooms. They include radiator installations, surface heating systems and fan coil units. However, it is worth emphasizing that it is a choice heat receivers should be adapted to heat sources, the operating parameters it provides, the construction of the rooms, as well as the way they are used and the comfort level of the residents. 

Radiators - the most popular method central heating 

In existing ones single-family houses or apartments central heating installation most often uses radiators to heat rooms. Here, it is usually not possible to use surface heating or its implementation requires a general renovation. Radiators, depending on the heat exchange surface, may be low- or high-temperature. Central heating low-temperature radiators ensures high efficiency of the heat pump, similarly to installation case surface heating. At the same time, low-temperature radiators have lower thermal inertia, but in turn they take up space on the wall in heated room. High-temperature radiators, on the other hand, require higher water temperatures. This causes the heat pump's efficiency to decrease. To obtain the most efficient room heating system possible, it is worth choosing a larger heating surface, which will allow for optimization heating costs.

Surface heating - comfortable thermal conditions

Central heating surface heating involves transmitting temperature through hot water flowing in a system of pipes placed under the floor, wall or ceiling. Floor Heating requires water to be heated to a relatively low temperature, making it a low-temperature space heating system. Surface heating in central heating installation can be successfully powered by a heat pump and ensures high system efficiency. Heat emitted by floor heating guarantees stable and even temperature throughout the room. 

Fan coils - comfortable temperature in winter and summer

Fan coil units in central heating installation they function as heaters and air conditioners at the same time. In winter they are supplied with hot water, in summer with ice water. As a result, they guarantee optimal thermal conditions at any time of the year. Their advantage is the use of fans, which influence the faster distribution of air at the expected temperature around the room. There are various models of fan coil units available on the market, which can be installed just like air conditioners - on the wall, on the ceiling, on the floor or as part of a duct installation. This gives you full flexibility in terms of interior design. The undoubted advantage of fan coil units is working with water at a temperature characterized by a small difference to the air temperature in the room. heated room. As a result heat pump power supply to the system can operate with high thermal efficiency and thus ensure low electricity consumption.

Central heating system construction in the house

Receivers are just one of installation elements central heating. The heart of the system is always the heat source, which can be either a boiler or a boiler solid fuel (coal, pellets, wood) as well as a liquid fuel boiler (fuel oil) or gas heating and heat pump. 

How to make central heating? It's just a connection heat sources with receivers via a system of pipes in which the working medium transmitting temperature circulates (usually water, but there are also heating systems operated by air or other liquids, e.g. glycol). Preparing for assembly central heating installation or rebuilding an old system, it is worth considering your choice first heat sourcesand then adapt optimal heating solutions to it. 

Which one to choose? central heating in a block of flats?

In the case of multi-family buildings, most of the premises are connected to one system central heating. If central heating installation is it a common part? In accordance with the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court, if there is a common room in the building central heating installation, then it constitutes a common part of a given property. Moreover, you cannot treat them individually central heating installation elements (e.g. radiators) as elements separated from this installation. As a result, any change to radiators in the premises should be carried out by the cooperative or housing community or requires the consent of these entities. 

There is an exception to this rule. Nowadays, buildings are being built more and more often in which each apartment has a separate heating system. This solution allows the owner of the apartment to make independent decisions regarding both heat sourcesas well as receivers.